Adds to existing law to establish the Emergency Care Affordability Act.

This legislation establishes the Freestanding Emergency Room and Emergency Care Affordability Act to improve transparency, promote affordability and create clear, predictable standards governing billing and reimbursement for emergency medical services provided by out-of-network freestanding emergency rooms. Federal law established baseline consumer protections for emergency services; however, gaps remain with respect to billing practices at out-of-network freestanding emergency rooms. This legislation addresses those gaps by limiting balance billing, requiring application of in-network cost-sharing, and establishing payment standards based on in-network allowed amounts for comparable emergency services.. The bill requires a freestanding emergency room disclose to patients if it does not participate in Medicare, Medicaid, or TRICARE, ensuring seniors, veterans, and other covered persons enrolled in the public health care programs receive timely notice of potential financial responsibility. These disclosure requirements are intended to prevent covered persons from receiving full, undisclosed charges for emergency services solely due to a facility's non-participation in a particular Medicare, Medicaid or TRICARE. The legislation voids unenforceable billing agreements, establishes protections against excessive billing, and provides remedies for violations. The bill allows voluntary participation by self-funded health plans and authorizes limited oversight by the Department of Insurance.